Saturday, January 18, 2020

Aircraft Maintenance Event: Piper PA-31-350 Chieftain, N4112K; accident occurred January 12, 2020 at Fairbanks International Airport (PAFA), Alaska















Aviation Accident Factual Report - National Transportation Safety Board

The National Transportation Safety Board did not travel to the scene of this accident.

Additional Participating Entities: 

Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Fairbanks, Alaska
Hageland Aviation Services; Anchorage, Alaska

Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board:

IceCap LLC Trustee

Hageland Aviation Services doing business as RavnAir Connect


Location: Fairbanks, Alaska 
Accident Number: ANC20LA013
Date and Time: January 12, 2020, 12:23 Local
Registration: N4112K
Aircraft: Piper PA31
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Aircraft maintenance event 
Injuries: 8 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 135: Air taxi and commuter - Scheduled

Factual Information

On January 12, 2020, about 1223 Alaska standard time, a Piper PA-31-350 airplane, N4112K, sustained substantial damage when it was involved in an accident at Fairbanks International Airport (FAI), Fairbanks, Alaska. The airline transport pilot and seven passengers were uninjured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 135 scheduled commuter flight.

The pilot reported that as the airplane approached the destination airport, the landing gear did not extend, the landing gear indicator lights did not illuminate, and the selector did not return to the neutral position. She repeated the landing gear extension procedures again; however, the landing gear still did not extend. She then checked that all the circuit breakers were in and used the checklist to perform the emergency landing gear extension procedure. The pilot pumped the hand-operated emergency gear extender about 70 times, but there was low feedback pressure in the system. When the landing gear still did not extend, she diverted back to FAI, where emergency services and a maintenance crew were available.

As the airplane approached FAI, the pilot activated the emergency blowdown pneumatic system for both the main and nose landing gear. The green down-and-locked indicator lights for the nose and left main landing gear illuminated, but the right main landing gear (MLG) light did not illuminate. The pilot performed a fly-by of the control tower and the tower controller reported that the right MLG door was open, but the gear remained retracted. The pilot then flew to a nearby training area, climbed to 5,000 ft, and attempted to swing the right MLG out with higher-G maneuvers, but was unsuccessful.

The pilot performed a straight-in visual approach to FAI runway 2L. Once the landing was assured, she shut down and secured both engines. During the landing roll, the right wing impacted the runway, resulting in substantial damage to the right wing and aileron. All occupants evacuated normally.

The airplane was recovered to the company hangar, where a Federal Aviation Administration inspector examined the hydraulic system. The hydraulic reservoir was almost depleted and minimal fluid existed in the system. After servicing and testing the hydraulic system, a leak was observed at the fitting between the right main landing gear door close line and the right MLG unlock actuator. The hydraulic
line was removed, and the threads on the actuator assembly connection were stripped. The fitting was capped and the system functioned normally.

The company also tested the pneumatic blowdown system and discovered that the right MLG shuttle valve was stuck in place. The shuttle valve was removed and disassembled, and water and corrosion were present inside.

According to the maintenance records, all of the landing gear hydraulic lines were replaced during a recent phase inspection about one week before the accident. 

Pilot Information

Certificate: Airline transport; Commercial
Age: 58, Female
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine land; Multi-engine land
Seat Occupied: Left
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None 
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane 
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 1 With waivers/limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: August 29, 2019
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: October 29, 2019
Flight Time: 25055 hours (Total, all aircraft), 19025 hours (Total, this make and model), 24055 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 89 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 21 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 4 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)

Passenger Information

Certificate:
Age:
Airplane Rating(s):
Seat Occupied: Unknown
Other Aircraft Rating(s):
Restraint Used: Lap only
Instrument Rating(s): 
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): 
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification:
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: 
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Passenger Information

Certificate: 
Age:
Airplane Rating(s): 
Seat Occupied: Unknown
Other Aircraft Rating(s): 
Restraint Used: Lap only
Instrument Rating(s): 
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): 
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification:
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: 
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Passenger Information

Certificate:
Age:
Airplane Rating(s): 
Seat Occupied: None (Baby)
Other Aircraft Rating(s): 
Restraint Used: None
Instrument Rating(s): 
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): 
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: 
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No 
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Passenger Information

Certificate:
Age:
Airplane Rating(s): 
Seat Occupied: Unknown
Other Aircraft Rating(s): 
Restraint Used: Lap only
Instrument Rating(s): 
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): 
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification:
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Passenger Information

Certificate: 
Age:
Airplane Rating(s):
Seat Occupied: Unknown
Other Aircraft Rating(s): 
Restraint Used: Lap only
Instrument Rating(s):
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s):
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: 
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Passenger Information

Certificate: 
Age:
Airplane Rating(s): 
Seat Occupied: Unknown
Other Aircraft Rating(s): 
Restraint Used: Lap only
Instrument Rating(s): 
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): 
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: 
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Passenger Information

Certificate:
Age:
Airplane Rating(s):
Seat Occupied: Unknown
Other Aircraft Rating(s): 
Restraint Used: Lap only
Instrument Rating(s):
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): 
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: 
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No 
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time:

Other Passengers

Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information

Aircraft Make: Piper
Registration: N4112K
Model/Series: PA31 350 
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 
1982 Amateur Built:
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal 
Serial Number: 31-8353006
Landing Gear Type: Retractable - Tricycle 
Seats: 10
Date/Type of Last Inspection: January 7, 2020 AAIP
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 7368 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection: 
Engines: 2 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 33715.6 Hrs as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: Lycoming
ELT: C126 installed, not activated 
Engine Model/Series: TIO-540-J2B
Registered Owner: 
Rated Power: 350 Horsepower
Operator:
Operating Certificate(s) Held: Commuter air carrier (135)
Operator Does Business As: RavnAir Connect
Operator Designator Code: EPUA

Meteorological Information and Flight Plan

Conditions at Accident Site: Visual (VMC)
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: PAFA, 432 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 0 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 20:53 Local 
Direction from Accident Site: 199°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Few / 8000 ft AGL
Visibility: 10 miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: / 
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual:  /
Wind Direction: Turbulence Severity
Forecast/Actual:  /
Altimeter Setting: 30.15 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: -34°C / -39°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Fairbanks, AK (FAI) 
Type of Flight Plan Filed: Company VFR
Destination: Galena, AK (GAL)
Type of Clearance: VFR flight following
Departure Time:
Type of Airspace: Class D

Airport Information

Airport: Fairbanks Intl FAI 
Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
Airport Elevation: 439 ft msl
Runway Surface Condition: Dry; Snow
Runway Used: 02L 
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width: 11800 ft / 150 ft
VFR Approach/Landing: Full stop; Straight-in
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 1 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: 7 None
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: 
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 8 None 
Latitude, Longitude: 64.811668,-147.86972(est)

============

Location: Fairbanks, AK 
Accident Number: ANC20LA013
Date & Time: 01/12/2020, 1223 AKS
Registration: N4112K
Aircraft: Piper PA31
Injuries: 8 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 135: Air Taxi & Commuter - Scheduled 

On January 12, 2020, about 1223 Alaska standard time, a Piper PA-31-350 airplane, N4112K, sustained substantial damage after landing with the right main landing gear retracted at Fairbanks International Airport (FAI,) Fairbanks, Alaska. The airline transport pilot and six passengers and lap infant were uninjured. The airplane was operated as Flight 3546 by Hageland Aviation Services, dba RavnAir Connect, under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 135 as a visual flight rules scheduled commuter flight. Day visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and a company flight plan was filed. The flight originated from FAI about 0855 destined for Edward G. Pitka Sr. Airport (GAL), Galena, Alaska, before diverting back to FAI for an emergency landing.

The pilot reported that as the airplane approached GAL, she moved the landing gear selector to the down position and the gear did not extend, the landing gear indicator lights did not illuminate, and the selector did not return to the neutral position. She repeated the landing gear extension procedures again; however, the landing gear did not extend. She then checked that all the circuit breakers were in and used the checklist to perform the emergency landing gear extension procedures. According to the pilot, she pumped the hand-operated emergency gear extender about 70 times but there was low feedback pressure in the system. When the landing gear still did not extend, she diverted back to FAI where emergency services and a maintenance crew were available.

In the FAI terminal area, the pilot activated the emergency blowdown pneumatic system for both the main and nose landing gear. The green landing lights for the nose and left main landing gear illuminated, but the right main landing gear light did not indicate down. The pilot performed a flyby of the FAI tower and the tower controller reported that the right main landing gear door was open, but the gear remained retracted. The pilot flew to a nearby training area, climbed to 5,000 ft, and attempted to swing the right main landing gear out with higher G maneuvers, but was unsuccessful.

The pilot performed a straight in visual approach to FAI runway 2L. Once the landing was assured, she feathered and secured both engines. During the landing roll, the right wing impacted the runway, resulting in substantial damage to the right wing and aileron. All occupants evacuated normally.

The airplane was recovered to the company hangar, where a Federal Aviation Administration inspector examined the hydraulic system. The hydraulic reservoir was depleted, and minimal fluid existed in the system. After servicing and testing the hydraulic system, a leak was observed at the fitting between the right main landing gear door close line and unlock actuator. Also, the company tested the pneumatic blowdown system and discovered the right main landing gear shuttle valve was inoperative. The shuttle valve was disassembled, and water and corrosion were present inside.

The FAI automated weather report at 1153 indicated calm winds and a temperature of -29°F and dewpoint -38°F.

Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information

Aircraft Make: Piper
Registration: N4112K
Model/Series: PA31 350
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Amateur Built: No
Operator: Hageland Aviation Services
Operating Certificate(s) Held: Commuter Air Carrier (135)
Operator Does Business As: RavnAir Connect
Operator Designator Code: EPUA

Meteorological Information and Flight Plan

Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: PAFA, 432 ft msl
Observation Time: 2053 UTC
Distance from Accident Site: 0 Nautical Miles
Temperature/Dew Point: -34°C / -39°C
Lowest Cloud Condition: Few / 8000 ft agl
Wind Speed/Gusts, Direction: Calm / ,
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility:  10 Miles
Altimeter Setting: 30.16 inches Hg
Type of Flight Plan Filed: Company VFR
Departure Point: Fairbanks, AK (FAI)
Destination: Galena, AK (GAL)

Wreckage and Impact Information

Crew Injuries: 1 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: 7 None
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 8 None
Latitude, Longitude: 64.811667, -147.869722 (est)




The pilot of a twin-engine plane operated by Ravn Air Group made an emergency landing Sunday afternoon at Fairbanks International Airport when the aircraft’s landing gear malfunctioned.

Airport Fire and Police Chief Aaron Danielson says none of the seven passengers aboard the Piper Navajo were injured when the aircraft skidded to a stop at around 1 p.m. Sunday.

“The pilot did a great job. It coasted to a good landing with little damage to the aircraft and safety to all the passengers and crew involved,” Danielson said in an interview Monday.

The chief says the flight was en route to Galena but was diverted back to Fairbanks when the pilot realized there was a problem with the landing gear on the right side of the aircraft.

“They couldn’t get their landing gear down as they’re approaching Galena and so they returned to Fairbanks for an emergency landing,” he said.

Danielson says the pilot flew past the control tower a few times after he got to Fairbanks International at about 12:30 p.m. to have tower personnel confirm that the landing gear was indeed stuck, “because they can’t see underneath their own aircraft.”

He says the pilot and tower kept in constant communication to plan and prepare for the landing. He says pilots train how to set the plane down is such circumstances.

“They generally put it down real light, try to keep any part that’s not supported by the landing gear off the runway as long as possible, and put it down as gently as possible.”

Danielson says that’s exactly what the pilot did. But audio recorded by a passenger and uploaded onto social media suggests it was still a harrowing experience. You can hear some anxious comments a few seconds into this clip -- and then a compliment to the pilot’s skill.    

A statement issued by Ravn says the aircraft’s right aileron and flap were lightly damaged during the emergency landing. The company says the aircraft will be out of service until it’s repaired, inspected and test flown.

The statement says Ravn is in communication with both the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board for help in determining why the gear malfunctioned. Spokespersons for the NTSB and Ravn didn’t return calls Monday afternoon for additional information, including the answer to the question: did the passengers finally get to Galena?

Story and video ➤ https://fm.kuac.org

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