Additional Participating Entity:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Little Rock, Arkansas
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Little Rock, Arkansas
Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board:
Location: Stuttgart, AR
Accident Number: GAA19CA271
Date & Time: 05/17/2019, 1330 CDT
Registration: N5675X
Aircraft: Ayres S 2R
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Aerodynamic stall/spin
Injuries: 1 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 137: Agricultural
Analysis
The pilot reported that, while turning the airplane after finishing a fertilizer application, the "wind was under the wing pushing [the airplane]." He tried to "pull the aircraft out of the turn," but it aerodynamically stalled. He returned the stick to neutral, and while regaining control, the left main landing gear (MLG) and wingtip struck the ground, which caused the landing gear to bend underneath the wing. The airplane bounced, and the pilot decided to return to the departure airport. During landing, he attempted to keep the left MLG off the ground as long as possible, but the left wing impacted the ground, and the airplane exited the runway to the left.
The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing.
The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack while maneuvering during an agricultural application flight, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.
Findings
Aircraft Angle of attack - Capability exceeded
Personnel issues Aircraft control - Pilot
Factual Information
History of Flight
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Other weather encounter
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Aerodynamic stall/spin (Defining event)
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Attempted remediation/recovery
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Landing Runway excursion
Pilot Information
Certificate: Commercial
Age: 26, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Single
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 4-point
Instrument Rating(s): None
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 2 Without Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 04/24/2019
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 02/01/2019
Flight Time: (Estimated) 540.2 hours (Total, all aircraft), 14 hours (Total, this make and model), 462.7 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 7.5 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 4 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 4 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: Ayres
Registration: N5675X
Model/Series: S 2R Undesignated
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1977
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Restricted
Serial Number: 2402R
Landing Gear Type: Tailwheel
Seats:1
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 04/22/2019, Annual
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 6000 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 8586.44 Hours as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: Pratt & Whitney
ELT: Not installed
Engine Model/Series: R1340-AN1
Registered Owner: Farmers Aerial Seeders
Rated Power: 600 hp
Operator: Farmers Aerial Seeders
Operating Certificate(s) Held: Agricultural Aircraft (137)
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: SGT, 223 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 0 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 1856 UTC
Direction from Accident Site: 291°
Lowest Cloud Condition:
Visibility: 10 Miles
Lowest Ceiling:
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 17 knots / 21 knots
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 170°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 29.93 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 31°C / 17°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Stuttgart, AR (SGT)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Stuttgart, AR (SGT)
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1310 CDT
Type of Airspace: Class G
Airport Information
Airport: Stuttgart Municipal Carl Humph (SGT)
Runway Surface Type: Concrete
Airport Elevation: 224 ft
Runway Surface Condition: Dry
Runway Used: N/A
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width:
VFR Approach/Landing: Full Stop; Straight-in
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 1 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 1 None
Latitude, Longitude: 34.597500, -91.575000 (est)
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