The National Transportation Safety Board did not travel to the scene of this accident.
Additional Participating Entity:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board:
AgraTech Inc
Location: McCurtain, Oklahoma
Accident Number: CEN20CA229
Date & Time: June 12, 2020, 13:20 Local
Registration: N2085J
Aircraft: Cessna T188
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Aerodynamic stall/spin
Injuries: 1 Serious
Flight Conducted Under: Part 137: Agricultural
Analysis
The commercial pilot was conducting an aerial application flight to a field that had a small hill on the north side. After the completion of the second pass, the pilot maneuvered the airplane out of the field to turn away from the hill and to get turned around for another pass. Upon starting the turn back towards the field, the pilot realized that he had not allowed adequate space to perform the turn given the airplane's "current load and environmental conditions." The pilot leveled the wings and attempted to fly over the hill; however, the airplane encountered an aerodynamic stall about 30 ft above ground level and subsequently impacted trees and rocky terrain. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage, the left wing, and the empennage. The pilot reported there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The pilot's failure to maintain the proper airspeed during a low altitude aerial application maneuver and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall at too low of an altitude to recover.
Findings
Personnel issues Aircraft control - Pilot
Aircraft Airspeed - Not attained/maintained
Aircraft Angle of attack - Capability exceeded
Factual Information
History of Flight
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Low altitude operation/event
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Aerodynamic stall/spin (Defining event)
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Attempted remediation/recovery
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Loss of control in flight
Maneuvering-low-alt flying Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Pilot Information
Certificate: Commercial; Flight instructor
Age: 25,Male
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine land
Seat Occupied: Single
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 4-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): Airplane single-engine
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 2 Without waivers/limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: November 1, 2019
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: March 18, 2019
Flight Time: 3050 hours (Total, all aircraft), 843 hours (Total, this make and model), 2999.8 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 378.2 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 152.6 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 7 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: Cessna
Registration: N2085J
Model/Series: T188 C
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1978
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Restricted (Special)
Serial Number: T18803375T
Landing Gear Type: Tailwheel
Seats: 1
Date/Type of Last Inspection: January 16, 2020 Annual
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 4400 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 7294 Hrs at time of accident
Engine Manufacturer: Continental Motors
ELT: Not installed
Engine Model/Series: TSIO-520-T
Registered Owner:
Rated Power: 310 Horsepower
Operator:
Operating Certificate(s) Held: Agricultural aircraft (137)
Operator Does Business As: AgraTech, Inc.
Operator Designator Code: G47G
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual (VMC)
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KGZL,601 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 12 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 18:15 Local
Direction from Accident Site: 313°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear
Visibility 10 miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 9 knots /
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 160°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 30.29 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 32°C / 3°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Stigler, OK (GZL)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Stigler, OK (GZL)
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 12:50 Local
Type of Airspace: Class G
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 1 Serious
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries:
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 1 Serious
Latitude, Longitude: 35.145,-94.916114(est)
According to the report filed by LeFlore County detachment of Troop D Trooper Matthew Dyer of the Oklahoma Highway Patrol, Colton Adcock, 25, from Dustin, was spraying herbicide over a farm approximately 2.2 miles east of McCurtain when at approximately 1:40 p.m. Friday he went to navigate a turn. In the process of the turn, his DG Husky plane he was flying stalled and clipped the left wing on a tree.
According to the report, Adcock was transported by a personal vehicle to a local hospital, was treated and released.
Aiding Dyer were OHP Trooper Sean Haney and Lt. Derek Griffey, the McCurtain Fire Department and the Bokoshe Police Department.
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