The National Transportation Safety Board did not travel to the scene of this accident.
Additional Participating Entity:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Aviation Accident Factual Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board: https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms
http://registry.faa.gov/N11188
Location: Palmyra, WI
Accident Number: CEN18LA038
Date & Time: 11/26/2017, 1430 CST
Registration: N11188
Aircraft: PIPER / LAUDEMAN J3C 65
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Loss of engine power (total)
Injuries: 2 Serious
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Personal
On November 26, 2017, about 1430 central standard time, a Piper J3C-65 airplane, N11188, was substantially damaged during a forced landing at Palmyra Municipal Airport (88C), Palmyra, Wisconsin. Both airline transport pilots were seriously injured. The airplane was registered to and operated by Flying Hawks Inc. under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight. Day visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the local flight, which departed without a flight plan about 1400.
The rear seat pilot stated that he performed a normal takeoff from the rear seat and flew to a nearby area to practice maneuvers. After completing these maneuvers and returning to 88C, the pilots noticed a loss of engine power while on downwind to runway 27. The pilots attempted unsuccessfully to restore engine power and the rear seat pilot turned the airplane toward runway 27. During the forced landing, the airplane struck a tree about 2000 ft short of the runway threshold and nosed over, damaging both wings.
Examination of the airplane at the accident site by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector revealed the fuel shut off valve was in the off position. The front seat pilot stated the fuel shut off valve had been inadvertently pulled off by the rear seat pilot. The front seat pilot attempted to push the fuel shut off valve back in but was unable to do so. The rear pilot stated he may have inadvertently pulled the fuel shut off lever instead of the carburetor heat control lever.
Earlier in the year, both pilots frequently flew an airplane with a carburetor heat control lever that was in a similar position as the accident airplane's fuel shutoff valve. According to an Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine article, "Negative transfer is the transfer from one cockpit to another--of different design or configuration--of habits or responses which were appropriate in the former but are inappropriate in the latter, thereby posing a threat to flying safety. This danger has been demonstrated not only experimentally but also in a number of aircraft accident investigation reports."
Pilot Information
Certificate: Airline Transport; Commercial; Sport Pilot
Age: 76, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Multi-engine Land; Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Rear
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: Lap Only
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: BasicMed
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 09/16/2015
Flight Time: 10000 hours (Total, all aircraft), 1 hours (Total, this make and model)
Pilot Information
Certificate: Airline Transport; Commercial
Age: 75, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Multi-engine Land; Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Front
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: Lap Only
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: BasicMed
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 08/20/2017
Flight Time: 20000 hours (Total, all aircraft), 5 hours (Total, this make and model), 70 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 30 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 0 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: PIPER / LAUDEMAN
Registration: N11188
Model/Series: J3C 65
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1945
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal
Serial Number: 9400L
Landing Gear Type: Tailwheel
Seats: 2
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 07/10/2017, Annual
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 1220 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection: 106 Hours
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 1205 Hours at time of accident
Engine Manufacturer: CONT MOTOR
ELT: C91A installed, activated, did not aid in locating accident
Engine Model/Series: C-85-12
Registered Owner: FLYING HAWKS INC
Rated Power: 65 hp
Operator: FLYING HAWKS INC
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KBUU, 779 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 17 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 1430 CST
Direction from Accident Site: 133°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear
Visibility: 10 Miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 11 knots /
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 230°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 30.03 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 12°C / 2°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Palmyra, WI (88C)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Palmyra, WI (88C)
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1400 CST
Type of Airspace: Class G
Airport Information
Airport: PALMYRA MUNI (88C)
Runway Surface Type: Grass/turf
Airport Elevation: 851 ft
Runway Surface Condition:
Runway Used: 27
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width: 2800 ft / 200 ft
VFR Approach/Landing: Forced Landing
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 2 Serious
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 2 Serious
Latitude, Longitude: 42.883889, -88.585000 (est)
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