The National Transportation Safety Board did not travel to the scene of this accident.
Additional Participating Entity:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Jackson, Mississippi
Aviation Accident Final Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board: https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms
http://registry.faa.gov/N77NP
Location: Canton, MS
Accident Number: ERA18LA115
Date & Time: 03/23/2018, 1800 CDT
Registration: N77NP
Aircraft: CESSNA 180K
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Landing area overshoot
Injuries: 1 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Personal
Analysis
The private pilot stated that he was returning to the airstrip after a 20-minute flight over a river at 2,000 ft mean sea level when the engine began accumulating carburetor ice and began to run roughly. He applied carburetor heat, but the engine continued to run roughly. Since the pilot was near the intended landing point, he attempted to land with about 5 to 7 knots of tailwind. The airplane continued past the departure end of the airstrip and impacted trees before coming to rest in the upright position. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the wings, vertical stabilizer, rudder, and fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The weather conditions at the time of the accident were conducive to the formation of carburetor ice at glide and cruise power. It is likely that the engine initially lost partial power after accumulating carburetor ice. The pilot’s application of carburetor heat was ineffective at restoring engine power before the pilot decided to land the airplane with a tailwind.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The pilot's decision to land the airplane with a tailwind, which led to a runway excursion. Contributing to the pilot's decision to land with a tailwind was a partial loss of engine power due to his failure to effectively use carburetor heat in conditions conducive to the formation of carburetor ice.
Findings
Aircraft
Intake anti-ice, deice - Incorrect use/operation (Factor)
Personnel issues
Decision making/judgment - Pilot (Cause)
Incorrect action performance - Pilot (Factor)
Environmental issues
Tailwind - Decision related to condition (Cause)
Conducive to carburetor icing - Contributed to outcome (Factor)
Tree(s) - Contributed to outcome
Factual Information
On March 23, 2018, about 1800 central daylight time, a Cessna 180K, N77NP, was substantially damaged during a forced landing following a partial loss of engine power near Canton, Mississippi. The private pilot was not injured. The privately-owned airplane was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident and no flight plan was filed for the local flight that departed from a private airstrip.
According to the pilot, while returning to the private airstrip, after a 20-minute flight over a river at 2,000 ft mean sea level (msl), the engine began accumulating carburetor ice and began to run "very rough." The pilot applied carburetor heat, but the engine continued to run rough. Since he was near the private airstrip he intended to land at, the pilot attempted to land with about 5 to 7 knots of tailwind. The airplane continued beyond the departure end of the runway and impacted trees before to coming to rest in the upright position.
A Federal Aviation Administration inspector conducted an examination of the airplane after the accident and found that the wings, vertical stabilizer, rudder, and fuselage were substantially damaged. The engine remained attached to the airframe and the propeller remained attached to the engine. In addition, an unmeasured amount of fuel was noted in the fuel tanks.
In the NTSB Pilot/Operator Accident Report, the pilot indicated that there were no failures or malfunctions of the airplane that would have precluded normal operation prior to the accident.
The 1753 recorded weather observation at Hawkins Field Airport (HKS), Jackson, Mississippi, located about 18 nautical miles southwest of the accident location, included wind from 190° at 9 knots, visibility 10 miles, scattered clouds at 8,500 ft agl, temperature 24°C, dew point 4°C, and an altimeter setting of 30.10 inches of mercury.
The carburetor icing probability chart from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin (SAIB): CE-09-35 Carburetor Icing Prevention, June 30, 2009, showed a probability of icing at cruise/glide power at the temperature and dew point reported at the time of the accident.
History of Flight
Enroute
Loss of engine power (partial)
Landing
Runway excursion (Defining event)
Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Pilot Information
Certificate: Private
Age: 74, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Left
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: Unknown
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 3 With Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 04/24/2017
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 03/12/2017
Flight Time: (Estimated) 1500 hours (Total, all aircraft), 750 hours (Total, this make and model), 1500 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 10 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 3 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 0.3 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: CESSNA
Registration: N77NP
Model/Series: 180K K
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1977
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal
Serial Number: 18052937
Landing Gear Type: Tailwheel
Seats: 4
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 10/05/2017, 100 Hour
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 2800 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 5283.3 Hours as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: CONT MOTOR
ELT: Installed, not activated
Engine Model/Series: R-O-470-U81B
Registered Owner: On file
Rated Power: 230 hp
Operator: On file
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: HKS, 342 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 18 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 1753 CDT
Direction from Accident Site: 199°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Scattered / 8500 ft agl
Visibility: 10 Miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 9 knots /
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: /
Wind Direction: 190°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: /
Altimeter Setting: 30.1 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 24°C / 4°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Canton, MS
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Canton, MS
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1730 CDT
Type of Airspace:
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 1 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 1 None
Latitude, Longitude: 32.622500, -90.103056
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