The National Transportation Safety Board did not travel to the scene of this accident.
Additional Participating Entity:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; South Florida
Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket
Location: Pahokee, Florida
Accident Number: ERA22LA128
Date and Time: February 16, 2022, 11:10 Local
Registration: N6493
Aircraft: Stinson 108
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Nose over/nose down
Injuries: 2 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General aviation - Instructional
Analysis
The pilot receiving tail wheel instruction (student pilot) stated that during takeoff, he raised the tail wheel too high, and the propeller contacted the ground. The airplane nosed over and came to rest inverted. The student pilot added that there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions and the flight instructor confirmed the student pilot’s statement. Examination of the wreckage by a Federal Aviation Administration inspection revealed substantial damage to the wings and vertical stabilizer.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The student pilot’s incorrect tail wheel takeoff procedure, and the flight instructor’s lack of remedial action, which resulted in a nose over.
Findings
Personnel issues Incorrect action performance - Student/instructed pilot
Aircraft Pitch control - Not attained/maintained
Personnel issues Lack of action - Instructor/check pilot
Factual Information
History of Flight
Takeoff Nose over/nose down (Defining event)
Takeoff Abnormal runway contact
Student pilot Information
Certificate: Commercial
Age: 28, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine land
Seat Occupied: Left
Other Aircraft Rating(s):
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed:
Medical Certification: Class 1 With waivers/limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: March 25, 2020
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: May 12, 2021
Flight Time: 290 hours (Total, all aircraft), 7.2 hours (Total, this make and model), 190 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 11 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 1.5 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 0 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Flight instructor Information
Certificate: Airline transport; Flight engineer; Flight instructor
Age: 56, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine land; Multi-engine land
Seat Occupied: Right
Other Aircraft Rating(s):
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): Airplane multi-engine; Airplane single-engine
Toxicology Performed:
Medical Certification: Class 1 Without waivers/limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: December 6, 2021
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: April 25, 2021
Flight Time: 20100 hours (Total, all aircraft), 825 hours (Total, this make and model), 10000 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 300 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 95 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 0 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: Stinson
Registration: N6493
Model/Series: 108 3
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1948
Amateur Built:
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal
Serial Number: 108-4493
Landing Gear Type: Tailwheel
Seats: 4
Date/Type of Last Inspection: May 20, 2021 Annual
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 2400 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 3075.1 Hrs at time of accident
Engine Manufacturer: Franklin
ELT: C91 installed, not activated
Engine Model/Series: 335
Registered Owner:
Rated Power: 165 Horsepower
Operator: On file
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual (VMC)
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KPBI, 21 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 32 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 10:53 Local
Direction from Accident Site: 100°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Scattered / 3100 ft AGL
Visibility 10 miles
Lowest Ceiling:
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 19 knots / 24 knots
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 100°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 30.38 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 25°C / 16°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Pahokee, FL
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Pahokee, FL
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time:
Type of Airspace: Class G
Airport Information
Airport: PALM BEACH COUNTY GLADES PHK
Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
Airport Elevation: 15 ft msl
Runway Surface Condition: Dry
Runway Used: 36
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width: 4100 ft / 75 ft
VFR Approach/Landing: None
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 2 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries:
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries:
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 2 None
Latitude, Longitude: 26.782932,-80.693092
Location: Pahokee, Florida
Accident Number: ERA22LA128
Date and Time: February 16, 2022, 11:10 Local
Registration: N6493
Aircraft: Stinson 108
Injuries: 2 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General aviation - Instructional
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: Stinson
Registration: N6493
Model/Series: 108 3
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Amateur Built:
Operator: On file
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Operator Designator Code:
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: VMC
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KPBI,21 ft msl
Observation Time: 10:53 Local
Distance from Accident Site: 32 Nautical Miles
Temperature/Dew Point: 25°C /16°C
Lowest Cloud Condition: Scattered / 3100 ft AGL
Wind Speed/Gusts, Direction: 19 knots / 24 knots, 100°
Lowest Ceiling:
Visibility: 10 miles
Altimeter Setting: 30.38 inches Hg
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Departure Point: Pahokee, FL
Destination: Pahokee, FL
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 2 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries:
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries:
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 2 None
Latitude, Longitude: 26.782932,-80.693092
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