Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Atlanta, Georgia
Aviation Accident Final Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board: https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms
https://registry.faa.gov/N839AL
Accident Number: GAA19CA088
Date & Time: 12/05/2018, 1535 EST
Registration: N839AL
Aircraft: Piper PA28
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Loss of control in flight
Injuries: 2 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Instructional
Analysis
The flight instructor reported that, during a touch-and-go landing in crosswind conditions and with the student pilot on the controls, the airplane touched down on the runway centerline "but without perfect longitudinal (heading) alignment," and the airplane then veered left. The instructor took control of the airplane and added power to take off, but she did not retract any of the "partial" flaps. She maintained the "slightly" offset direction from the runway during the takeoff roll, and the airplane became airborne as it exited the left side of the runway. The left wing impacted trees and brush. Subsequently, the airplane came to rest at the bottom of a ravine.
The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing.
The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.
The airport's automated weather observation station reported that, about the time of the accident, the wind was from 330° at 7 knots, gusting to 14 knots. The pilot landed the airplane on runway 6.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The flight instructor's failure to maintain the runway heading during an attempted takeoff in gusting crosswind conditions, which resulted in a collision with trees.
Findings
Aircraft
Directional control - Not attained/maintained (Cause)
Personnel issues
Aircraft control - Instructor/check pilot (Cause)
Environmental issues
Crosswind - Effect on operation
Gusts - Effect on operation
Tree(s) - Contributed to outcome
Factual Information
History of Flight
Takeoff
Miscellaneous/other (Defining event)
Runway excursion
Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Flight Instructor Information
Certificate: Flight Instructor; Commercial
Age: 44, Female
Airplane Rating(s): Multi-engine Land; Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Right
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): Airplane Multi-engine; Airplane Single-engine
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 2 Without Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 02/27/2018
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 04/10/2018
Flight Time: (Estimated) , 94.1 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 40.6 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 3.8 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Student Pilot Information
Certificate: Student
Age: 24, Male
Airplane Rating(s): None
Seat Occupied: Left
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): None
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 3 Without Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 11/28/2018
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time: (Estimated) 32 hours (Total, all aircraft), 10.6 hours (Total, this make and model), 8.4 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 5 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 0.5 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: Piper
Registration: N839AL
Model/Series: PA28 181
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 2000
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal
Serial Number: 2843412
Landing Gear Type: Tricycle
Seats: 4
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 10/29/2018, 100 Hour
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 2550 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 6520.5 Hours as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: Lycoming
ELT: Installed, not activated
Engine Model/Series: O-360-36A
Registered Owner: On file
Rated Power: 180 hp
Operator: On file
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Operator Does Business As: Horizon Dreams Aviation
Operator Designator Code:
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KAJR, 995 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site:
Observation Time: 1535 UTC
Direction from Accident Site: 66°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear
Visibility: 5 Miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 7 knots / 14 knots
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 330°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting:
Temperature/Dew Point: 3°C / -6°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: Moderate - Haze; No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Cornelia, GA (AJR)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Cornelia, GA (AJR)
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1500 EST
Type of Airspace: Class G
Airport Information
Airport: HABERSHAM COUNTY (AJR)
Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
Airport Elevation: 1448 ft
Runway Surface Condition: Dry
Runway Used: 06
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width: 5506 ft / 100 ft
VFR Approach/Landing: Touch and Go; Traffic Pattern
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 2 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 2 None
Latitude, Longitude: 34.499444, -83.557222 (est)
Additional Participating Entity:
Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; Atlanta, Georgia
Aviation Accident Final Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
Aviation Accident Final Report - National Transportation Safety Board: Investigation Docket https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms
https://registry.faa.gov/N444WM
Location: Cornelia, GA
Accident Number: GAA16CA316
Date & Time: 06/08/2016, 1330 EDT
Registration: N444WM
Aircraft: CESSNA 172
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Loss of control on ground
Injuries: 2 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Instructional
Analysis
The flight instructor reported that this was her fifth instructional flight with the student and that they were practicing takeoffs and landings in the pattern. She recalled that the previous landing accomplished by the student was "squirrelly." She reported that she reminded the student pilot "how/why not to use the pedals during the landing roll, and to stay off of the brakes." She recalled that the student completed the next approach and landing and both were stable. However, during the landing roll the airplane made an abrupt right turn, and exited the right side of the runway about the midpoint of the 5500 foot long by 100 foot wide runway. The flight instructor reported that she did not believe that she would be able to bring the airplane back to the left and aborted the landing. However, the airplane struck rising terrain, entered a 360 degree turn and struck an embankment. The flight instructor asked the student if he had his feet on the pedals during the landing roll, and he replied "I think so." The airplane sustained substantial damage to both wings, horizontal stabilizer and elevator.
The flight instructor reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or anomalies with any portion of the airplane during the flight that would have prevented normal flight operations.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The student pilot's unnecessary pedal application and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action resulting in a loss of directional control, runway excursion and ground impact during the aborted landing.
Findings
Aircraft
Directional control - Not attained/maintained (Cause)
Personnel issues
Aircraft control - Student pilot (Cause)
Delayed action - Instructor/check pilot (Cause)
Unnecessary action - Student pilot (Cause)
Use of equip/system - Student pilot (Cause)
Environmental issues
Sloped/uneven terrain - Effect on equipment
Factual Information
History of Flight
Landing-landing roll
Loss of control on ground (Defining event)
Landing-aborted after touchdown
Attempted remediation/recovery
Landing-landing roll
Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT)
Pilot Information
Certificate: Flight Instructor; Commercial
Age: 42, Female
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Right
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): Airplane Multi-engine; Airplane Single-engine; Instrument Airplane
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 2 Without Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 02/02/2015
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 12/12/2014
Flight Time: (Estimated) 2376 hours (Total, all aircraft), 700 hours (Total, this make and model), 2310 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 57 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 20 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 4 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Student Pilot Information
Certificate: None
Age: 18, Male
Airplane Rating(s): None
Seat Occupied: Left
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): None
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed:
Medical Certification: None
Last FAA Medical Exam:
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
Flight Time: (Estimated) 6 hours (Total, all aircraft), 1 hours (Total, this make and model), 6 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 6 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 1 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: CESSNA
Registration: N444WM
Model/Series: 172 N
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1977
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal
Serial Number: 172-68249
Landing Gear Type: Tricycle
Seats: 4
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 05/04/2016, Annual
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 2300 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 1729 Hours as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: LYCOMING
ELT: Installed, not activated
Engine Model/Series: O-320-H2AD
Registered Owner: Allen, Max R.
Rated Power: 160 hp
Operator: Ray and Brenda Reed
Operating Certificate(s) Held: None
Operator Does Business As: Blue Sky Aviation
Operator Designator Code:
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KTOC, 994 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 14 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 1715 UTC
Direction from Accident Site: 66°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear
Visibility: 10 Miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 4 knots /
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: / None
Wind Direction: 270°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 29.94 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 28°C / 13°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: Cornelia, GA (AJR)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination: Cornelia, GA (AJR)
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1230 EDT
Type of Airspace: Class G
Airport Information
Airport: HABERSHAM COUNTY (AJR)
Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
Airport Elevation: 1448 ft
Runway Surface Condition: Dry
Runway Used: 24
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width: 5506 ft / 100 ft
VFR Approach/Landing: Touch and Go; Traffic Pattern
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 2 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 2 None
Latitude, Longitude: 34.499722, -83.556667 (est)
This is the pilot’s second crash in the same exact spot. The CFI also crashed N444WM on June 8, 2016. In both crashes she had a student with her in the plane.
ReplyDeleteWell ... I guess what doesn't kill you makes you stronger. With that said, if she doesn't kill herself maybe she will live long enough to get the instruction thing figured out.
ReplyDelete