Federal Aviation Administration / Flight Standards District Office; San Diego, California
N786SA Aviation Accident Final Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
N786SA Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board: https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms
N786SA Aviation Accident Data Summary - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
https://registry.faa.gov/N786SA
Location: San Diego, CA
Accident Number: GAA18CA319A
Date & Time: 06/03/2018, 1415 PDT
Registration: N786SA
Aircraft: CESSNA 172
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Defining Event: Ground collision
Injuries: 1 Minor, 2 None
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Instructional
Analysis
The flight instructor, who was on the controls, reported that he and a student taxied for departure. Upon arrival at the departure end of the runway, there were four airplanes ahead of them in a run-up area. He added that the first airplane moved to the hold-short line and that, after he completed the engine run-up, they moved forward to the hold-short line behind the first airplane. The other three airplanes, which were biplanes, remained in the run-up area. After the departure of the first airplane, the instructor told the control tower they were ready for departure, and the tower controller replied to stand by. The tower controller then cleared the three biplanes, which were waiting in the run-up area for takeoff as a flight of three. The second biplane in the flight struck the instructor's airplane's right aileron as it taxied past.
The pilot of the tailwheel-equipped biplane reported that he was the second in the flight of three. He added that the flight had been holding in the run-up area at a 45° angle to complete their run-up checks when the tower controller cleared the flight for takeoff. He began to follow the lead airplane, and his airplane struck the airplane stopped at the hold-short line. He reported that he never saw the stopped airplane until after the impact.
The instructor's airplane sustained substantial damage to the right aileron.
In an interview with the Federal Aviation Administration inspector, the flight instructor reported that he was not aware that the three biplanes were part of a single flight awaiting takeoff clearance. He also reported that he had never flown tailwheel airplanes and was not aware of their limited forward visibility.
The flight instructor and biplane pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with their respective airplanes that would have precluded normal operation.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The biplane pilot's failure to see and avoid the stopped airplane.
Findings
Personnel issues
Monitoring other aircraft - Pilot of other aircraft (Cause)
Monitoring environment - Pilot of other aircraft (Cause)
Environmental issues
Visibility - Effect on personnel
Factual Information
History of Flight
Taxi-into takeoff position
Ground collision (Defining event)
Flight Instructor Information
Certificate: Flight Instructor; Commercial
Age: 29, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Multi-engine Land; Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Right
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): Airplane Single-engine; Instrument Airplane
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 1 Without Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 02/04/2015
Occupational Pilot: Yes
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 01/05/2018
Flight Time: (Estimated) 1006.7 hours (Total, all aircraft), 832.7 hours (Total, this make and model), 876.9 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 236.1 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 60.8 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 3.7 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Pilot Information
Certificate: Private
Age: 28, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Left
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 3-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: Yes
Instructor Rating(s): None
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 1 Without Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 12/12/2016
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 05/08/2018
Flight Time: (Estimated) 206.7 hours (Total, all aircraft), 78.3 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 30.5 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 3.2 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: CESSNA
Registration: N786SA
Model/Series: 172 S
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 2001
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Normal
Serial Number: 172S8830
Landing Gear Type: Tricycle
Seats: 4
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 05/16/2018, 100 Hour
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 2550 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 9388.4 Hours as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: LYCOMING
ELT: Installed, not activated
Engine Model/Series: IO-360-L2A
Registered Owner: HATCHETT, PETE C.
Rated Power: 180 hp
Operator: Westwind School of Aeronautics
Operating Certificate(s) Held: Pilot School (141)
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KMYF, 417 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 0 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 2053 UTC
Direction from Accident Site: 301°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear
Visibility: 10 Miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 10 knots /
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 300°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 29.89 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 24°C / 13°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: San Diego, CA (MYF)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: VFR
Destination: Phoenix, AZ (DVT)
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1415 PDT
Type of Airspace: Class D
Airport Information
Airport: MONTGOMERY-GIBBS EXECUTIVE (MYF)
Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
Airport Elevation: 427 ft
Runway Surface Condition: Dry
Runway Used: N/A
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width:
VFR Approach/Landing: None
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 1 Minor, 1 None
Aircraft Damage: Substantial
Passenger Injuries: 1 None
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 1 Minor, 2 None
Latitude, Longitude: 32.812222, -117.131389 (est)
N5762B Aviation Accident Final Report - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
N5762B Investigation Docket - National Transportation Safety Board: https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms
N5762B Aviation Accident Data Summary - National Transportation Safety Board: https://app.ntsb.gov/pdf
Location: San Diego, CA
Accident Number: GAA18CA319B
Date & Time: 06/03/2018, 1415 PDT
Registration: N5762B
Aircraft: GREAT LAKES 2T1A
Aircraft Damage: None
Defining Event: Ground collision
Injuries: 1 Minor
Flight Conducted Under: Part 91: General Aviation - Personal - Sightseeing
Analysis
The flight instructor, who was on the controls, reported that he and a student taxied for departure. Upon arrival at the departure end of the runway, there were four airplanes ahead of them in a run-up area. He added that the first airplane moved to the hold-short line and that, after he completed the engine run-up, they moved forward to the hold-short line behind the first airplane. The other three airplanes, which were biplanes, remained in the run-up area. After the departure of the first airplane, the instructor told the control tower they were ready for departure, and the tower controller replied to stand by. The tower controller then cleared the three biplanes, which were waiting in the run-up area for takeoff as a flight of three. The second biplane in the flight struck the instructor's airplane's right aileron as it taxied past.
The pilot of the tailwheel-equipped biplane reported that he was the second in the flight of three. He added that the flight had been holding in the run-up area at a 45° angle to complete their run-up checks when the tower controller cleared the flight for takeoff. He began to follow the lead airplane, and his airplane struck the airplane stopped at the hold-short line. He reported that he never saw the stopped airplane until after the impact.
The instructor's airplane sustained substantial damage to the right aileron.
In an interview with the Federal Aviation Administration inspector, the flight instructor reported that he was not aware that the three biplanes were part of a single flight awaiting takeoff clearance. He also reported that he had never flown tailwheel airplanes and was not aware of their limited forward visibility.
The flight instructor and biplane pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with their respective airplanes that would have precluded normal operation.
Probable Cause and Findings
The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
The biplane pilot's failure to see and avoid the stopped airplane.
Findings
Personnel issues
Monitoring environment - Pilot (Cause)
Monitoring other aircraft - Pilot (Cause)
Factual Information
History of Flight
Taxi-into takeoff position
Ground collision (Defining event)
Pilot Information
Certificate: Airline Transport; Flight Instructor; Commercial
Age: 52, Male
Airplane Rating(s): Multi-engine Land; Single-engine Land
Seat Occupied: Rear
Other Aircraft Rating(s): None
Restraint Used: 5-point
Instrument Rating(s): Airplane
Second Pilot Present: No
Instructor Rating(s): Airplane Multi-engine; Instrument Airplane
Toxicology Performed: No
Medical Certification: Class 2 With Waivers/Limitations
Last FAA Medical Exam: 06/14/2017
Occupational Pilot: No
Last Flight Review or Equivalent: 01/28/2017
Flight Time: (Estimated) 4471 hours (Total, all aircraft), 76 hours (Total, this make and model), 3821 hours (Pilot In Command, all aircraft), 12 hours (Last 90 days, all aircraft), 8 hours (Last 30 days, all aircraft), 1 hours (Last 24 hours, all aircraft)
Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information
Aircraft Make: GREAT LAKES
Registration: N5762B
Model/Series: 2T1A 2
Aircraft Category: Airplane
Year of Manufacture: 1980
Amateur Built: No
Airworthiness Certificate: Aerobatic
Serial Number: 0833
Landing Gear Type: Tailwheel
Seats: 2
Date/Type of Last Inspection: 05/04/2018, Annual
Certified Max Gross Wt.: 1800 lbs
Time Since Last Inspection:
Engines: 1 Reciprocating
Airframe Total Time: 1421.3 Hours as of last inspection
Engine Manufacturer: Continental
ELT: Installed, not activated
Engine Model/Series:
Registered Owner: SEVEN 4 ZULU LLC
Rated Power: 180 hp
Operator: On file
Operating Certificate(s) Held: Commercial Air Tour (136)
Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions
Condition of Light: Day
Observation Facility, Elevation: KMYF, 417 ft msl
Distance from Accident Site: 0 Nautical Miles
Observation Time: 2053 UTC
Direction from Accident Site: 301°
Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear
Visibility: 10 Miles
Lowest Ceiling: None
Visibility (RVR):
Wind Speed/Gusts: 10 knots /
Turbulence Type Forecast/Actual: None / None
Wind Direction: 300°
Turbulence Severity Forecast/Actual: N/A / N/A
Altimeter Setting: 29.89 inches Hg
Temperature/Dew Point: 24°C / 13°C
Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
Departure Point: San Diego, CA (MYF)
Type of Flight Plan Filed: None
Destination:
Type of Clearance: None
Departure Time: 1415 PDT
Type of Airspace: Class D
Airport Information
Airport: MONTGOMERY-GIBBS EXECUTIVE (MYF)
Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
Airport Elevation: 427 ft
Runway Surface Condition: Dry
Runway Used: N/A
IFR Approach: None
Runway Length/Width:
VFR Approach/Landing: None
Wreckage and Impact Information
Crew Injuries: 1 Minor
Aircraft Damage: None
Passenger Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Fire: None
Ground Injuries: N/A
Aircraft Explosion: None
Total Injuries: 1 Minor
Latitude, Longitude: 32.812222, -117.131389 (est)
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